Skip to yearly menu bar Skip to main content


Poster
in
Workshop: 2nd Generative AI for Biology Workshop

Foreground-aware Virtual Staining for Accurate 3D Cell Morphological Profiling

Alexandr A. Kalinin · Paula Llanos · Theresa Sommer · Giovanni Sestini · Xinhai Hou · Jonathan Sexton · Xiang Wan · Ivo Dinov · Brian Athey · nicolas rivron · Anne Carpenter · Beth Cimini · Shantanu Singh · Matthew O'Meara

Keywords: [ 3d ] [ virtual staining ] [ bioimage analysis ]


Abstract:

Microscopy enables direct observation of cellular morphology in 3D, with transmitted-light methods offering low-cost, minimally invasive imaging and fluorescence microscopy providing specificity and contrast. Virtual staining combines these strengths by using machine learning to predict fluorescence images from label-free inputs. However, training of existing methods typically relies on loss functions that treat all pixels equally, thus reproducing background noise and artifacts instead of focusing on biologically meaningful signals. We introduce Spotlight, a simple yet powerful virtual staining approach that guides the model to focus on relevant cellular structures. Spotlight uses histogram-based foreground estimation to mask pixel-wise loss and to calculate a Dice loss on soft-thresholded predictions for shape-aware learning. Applied to a 3D benchmark dataset, Spotlight improves morphological representation while preserving pixel-level accuracy, resulting in virtual stains better suited for downstream tasks such as segmentation and profiling.

Chat is not available.